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Renovascular Disease In patients with refractory hypertension, congestive heart failure (flash pulmonary edema) or chronic renal insufficiency due to atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis, stent revascularization can be performed with high success and minimal complication rates. The hospital stay is typically 1-2 days.

Lower Extremity Disease In patients with work or lifestyle-limiting Intermittent Claudication , out-patient therapy consisting of diagnostic angiography and therapeutic intervention (revascularization of iliac arteries using stenting or superficial femoral arteries using angioplasty , as indicated) can relieve symptoms, improve quality of life and allow patients to participate in exercise rehabilitation programs.

Subclavian Artery Disease Some patients undergoing bypass surgery for coronary artery disease will also have concomitant disease affecting the subclavian artery. When subclavian stenosis affects flow into the internal mammary artery, patients may become ischemic. Subclavian artery disease can be treated successfully with non-surgical stenting. Other common indications for treatment of the subclavian artery include arm claudication and subclavian steal syndromes .

Cerebrovascular Disease In patients with significant carotid artery stenosis who are not good surgical candidates or prefer non-operative therapy, stenting of carotid artery stenosis may be feasible. Ongoing clinical trials will compare the efficacy of carotid stenting versus surgical carotid endarterectomy.